News from
NR Times

STEPS Rehabilitation travel to Singapore to present at the 2023 leading global rehabilitation conference 

Representatives from STEPS Rehabilitation and STEPS Prosthetics travelled to Singapore at the end of September to attend and present at the world’s leading rehabilitation conference - ‘Rehab Week’.

The week- long biennial event, which launched in 2011 and moves location around the globe, attracts thousands of delegates and speakers.

RehabWeek brings together engineers, clinical researchers, practicing clinicians and industry representatives to facilitate knowledge sharing across different disciplines to optimise the future development of technology in healthcare.

It’s an opportunity to showcase inspirational innovations in the field of neurorehabilitation and share the groundbreaking advancements in both clinical practice and technology that help transform the lives of individuals affected by lifechanging injury and illness.

History of RehabWeek The IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), the International Neurorehabilitation Symposium (INRS) and the International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR) joined forces in 2011 to launch the first Rehab Week.

It took place in Zurich, Switzerland and attracted over 650 attendees from all over the world. Since then, it has grown to become the largest flagship global rehabilitation conference of its kind, and the 2023 Rehab Week was the 7th such event.

2023 RehabWeek The programme for the week contained keynote lectures, presentations, workshops, poster sessions and panel discussions from internationally renowned speakers.

The multidisciplinary approach to this conference was reflected in the programme with sessions delivered by physicians, therapists, rehabilitation engineers and neuroscientists.

This year’s conference addressed the challenges and opportunities faced in the changing landscape of neurorehabilitation.

Delegates were offered insights into the ongoing expansion of innovation and were presented with a comprehensive view of the challenges faced by healthcare providers and engineers in the post- pandemic era.

“One key issue that the organisers addressed was the lack of communication between those designing and building devices and those using them with patients” commented Jules Shiel-Boulger, one of STEPS Rehabilitation’s Founding Directors who attended the conference.

“The most successful innovations are those driven by the need of the patients and their clinicians. RehabWeek provides a fantastic platform for all those working in the area of rehabilitation to come together to exchange ideas, receive feedback, present and build new relationships.”

The STEPS Workshop

Fellow STEPS Rehabilitation Founding and Clinical Director, Toria Chan, along with Lucy Greensmith, Specialist Rehabilitation Occupational Therapist, and Kostas Falidas, Specialist Rehabilitation Physiotherapist delivered an engaging and interactive workshop, showcasing and demonstrating how advancing technologies compliment clinical practice in specialist residential facilities.

The team also provided a comprehensive explanation of STEPS’ practical applications and protocol development.

During the workshop, delegates had the opportunity to experience some of the Fourier Intelligence, and MindMaze technology.

The session featured demonstrations of innovative devices, including the ExoMotus™, ArmMotus EMU™, MindMotion GO, Intento PRO and Izar.

During the workshop, Colette Shaw, Founder and Prosthetist at STEPS Prosthetics demonstrated some of the latest commercially available upper limb prosthetic technology, including the pattern recognition control system from Coapt and a multi-grip powered hand from Taska Prosthetics.

During her week in Singapore, Colette also had the opportunity to attend prosthetic focussed workshops and presentations from some of the world’s leading engineers, scientists, and manufacturers.

“It was great to get a glimpse into the future direction of commercially available prosthetics including bidirectional control of bionic limbs, artificial intelligence and sensory feedback.”

Lucy Greensmith, Specialist Rehabilitation Occupational Therapist: “RehabWeek 2023 provided me with a unique opportunity to directly feedback to engineers about what I am looking for in technology to help my clients.

"The workshops were hugely practical, and I was able to work with new FES (Functional electrical stimulation) and trial technologies as well as. STEPS having the opportunity to share how we use technology and how adapt it to meet the needs of our clients.

"One of my favourite sessions attended was the fireside discussion which brought together key players from industry to discuss alongside academics, clinical practitioners and most importantly patients about bridging the gap."

Kostas Falidas, Specialist Rehabilitation Physiotherapist: “The final day was spent visiting the local healthcare institutions in Singapore, including the newly built Rehabilitation Research Institute of Singapore; which was a great opportunity to see how technology is very much inbuilt to nursing care homes and the community hospitals, and how closely the research institute works alongside expert clinicians with technology development and evaluation.

"A holistic healthcare approach is also key in Singapore, with building design focussed on incorporating the outside inside.

"The community hospitals unique design ensures every patient has a window to enable views of the beautiful greenery surrounding the building, clean open spaces, and simple designs which all aid to the rehabilitation process, something I feel STEPS Rehabilitation is championing in the UK.”

Toria Chan, Clinical Director at STEPS Rehabilitation: “It was great to reconnect with colleagues I’d met at previous RehabWeeks to strengthen relationships and collaborations.

"We also made new connections which have led to discussions and opportunities to share our ideas and explore ways to engage in R & D projects across the globe.

"It was a privilege to present alongside Technology Assisted Upper Limb Rehabilitation Therapy: Challenges and Opportunities’ and provide the perspective from our experience on integrating technologies in residential and day rehabilitation, bringing the client and clinician’s perspective to the forefront of discussion.

"STEPS prioritise working with forward thinking companies, who listen to feedback and embrace the implementation of further development and refinement of their products.

"The last day was the clinic / lab visits which I was particularly looking forward to, having set up STEPS, it's fascinating to have the opportunity to gain some insight into the healthcare set up and approach in other countries.

"It was interesting to see technology used within all three care settings we visited including elderly care, and the climate in Singapore, enables beautiful green roof top gardens, and more outdoor rehabilitation. At the community hospital (Ng Teng Fong General Hospital) they had a fantastic set up outside (Mobility Park) with a sensory garden, ramps, pedestrian crossings, a decommissioned taxi for transfer practice, and even an exact replica of a bus and metro carriage for patients to practice on and rebuild confidence prior to discharge. (I was worried our OT may want to relocate to Singapore!).

"Not many people own their own vehicle in Singapore, so the ability to access public transport and taxis is crucial to their independence.

"It was great to see how the Clinic for Advanced Rehabilitation Therapeutics (CART) and the RRIS integrated with each other and other health care settings to share knowledge and further advance their practice and use of technology.

"One innovative approach the government has backed, is to fit the same accessible gym equipment that is used at CART, in multiple local gyms, to enable continuity for patients in the community."

RehabWeek 2025 Looking ahead, the STEPS team will attend the next RehabWeek, which will be held in Chicago in 2025, in collaboration with the Shirley Ryan AbilityLab and Northwestern University.

'Stroke affects young people too'

Research reveals more than half of the UK population believe stroke only affects older adults

More than half of the UK population wrongly believe that strokes don’t happen to young adults, according to new research revealed today. 

Despite 54 per cent of UK adults knowing someone who has had a stroke, 60 per cent of the public think that the condition only affects older people,  Stroke Association research has found – whereas in fact one in four strokes happen in people of working age.

The charity has released the data ahead of World Stroke Day on Sunday, to warn that not only can stroke affect anyone at any age, but that young stroke survivors are missing out on significant milestones in their lives as a result.

The charity also carried out a survey of over 2,800 stroke survivors, which also found that a quarter of young stroke survivors aged 18-60 (25 per cent) feel their stroke has robbed them of their future.

Over a third of survivors aged between 18-60 (37 per cent) said that before their stroke, they didn’t think strokes happened to people of their age. 

More than half of these young stroke survivors (56 per cent) say their stroke has prevented them achieving an important life goal, such as progressing their careers or starting new relationships.

Worryingly, a quarter of stroke survivors aged 60 and under (25 per cent) also said they had initially been diagnosed with another illness or condition, before being diagnosed with a stroke. 

The Stroke Association is warning that younger adults are potentially being misdiagnosed because even health professionals may not suspect a stroke when a younger adult has stroke symptoms.

For survivors aged 18-60, the Stroke Association’s survey also revealed:

· Over half of stroke survivors (51 per cent) said their stroke had negatively impacted their careers, and stopped them getting a job, being promoted or changing career

· A quarter of stroke survivors (26 per cent) said their stroke had stopped them achieving their dream of going travelling

· Around 16 per cent of stroke survivors said their stroke had stopped them from making new friends

· More than one in ten (11 per cent) said their stroke prevented them from gaining new qualifications

· Almost one in ten (nine per cent) said their stroke has stopped them finding a partner.

There are over 100,000 strokes each year and 1.3million stroke survivors living in the UK today, with these numbers only set to grow. 

With an increasing number of people surviving stroke and an ageing population, by 2035, the number of stroke survivors living in the UK is expected to rise to over 2million. 

The estimated overall cost of stroke in the UK is set to rise from £26billion in 2015 to £75billion in 2035, an increase of 194 per cent over 20 years, presenting increasing societal challenges in future.

Alexis Kolodziej, executive director at the Stroke Association, said: Our research highlights that people still think stroke is a condition that only affects older people. It’s crucial that we challenge this misconception and make people aware that stroke affects young adults too.

“Stroke simply shouldn’t be a key milestone in a young adult’s life. When planning for the future, no one prepares to have a stroke. Yet one in four strokes happen in people of working age and around 400 children have a stroke in the UK every year.

“After a stroke, life changes in a flash. Two thirds of people who survive a stroke find themselves living with a disability. As a result, young stroke survivors are having important milestones and their planned futures stolen from them, while they have to learn to adapt to their new life affected by stroke.

“At the Stroke Association, we know the value that life after stroke support plays in rebuilding lives. A stroke doesn’t have to stop you from doing the things you want to do. The Stroke Association provides support that covers every aspect of a survivor’s recovery, so you are not just living to survive, but able to live life again.”

  • To find local support from the Stroke Association, visit here

08:45 - 09:15 Registration, tea/coffee, networking & exhibition stands

09:15 - 09:20 Welcome from the sponsor

09:20 – 09:25 Welcome from the conference Chair Christopher Wilson Smith KC, Outer Temple Chambers

09:25 – 09:45 Managing crisis takes a village, our data is our predictor

Predict the unpredictability, today is acknowledging that we all play a part in predicting what our clients are likely to need and the associated costs for the rest of their lives. We are now 30 years young with case management in the UK, and we are finally starting to see new trends and opportunity to gather data on what works, what’s new, and what we missed or what we would never have predicted. Drivers such as evidence-based practice, clinical excellence and reflective practice are ensuring that we are able to identify crises related and high risks, lifestyle choices, decisions and exposures for our clients. Managing crisis takes a village………we now have the privilege of hindsight, let’s not waste it!

Maggie Sargent, Founder of CCMS & Catastrophic Injury Case Manager and Nikki Hopkins, Operations Manager & Case Manager, CCMS

09:45 – 10:30 Hitting the Milestones The specialists said at the hospital “I am sorry Mrs D, your son will never independently walk or talk again from this injury” In the presentation Dr Dimitrios Sampanis will explore a client’s journey post injury, reaching various milestones despite the obstacles faced, and will give delegates insight into approaching rehabilitation in a meaningful way led by the client.

Dr Dimitrios Sampanis, Clinical Director, Home Rehab Therapists Ltd & Highly Specialist Neuro Physiotherapist, Associate Professor, St Mary’s University

10:30 – 11:00 Hydrotherapy?? But M has a tracheostomy!!

By sharing case studies including tracheostomy and PEG fed patients and using national guidelines this session will discuss a number of different patient journeys with water-based activities. The cost for hydrotherapy intervention, hydro pools and ongoing intervention costs. Looking for a checklist to support hydrotherapy for your clients? What to consider, how to risk assess the impact on the client? Then this is not to be missed!

Sarah Cox, Chartered Physiotherapist, Fresh Physio

11:00 – 11:30 Tea/coffee, networking & exhibition stands 11:30 – 11:50 Managing Relationship Risk in the Community

This talk will highlight the significant dimension of relationships with others (friends, family, romantic partners) and the impact of such on community activities and rehabilitation goals. I will present a case of an adult survivor of childhood brain injury, whose relationship patterns have been historically characterised by risk of exploitation and harm. These patterns were mapped out with the client and then shared with her family and team to support her in negotiating new relationships and widen opportunities for enriching community participation.

Dr Giles Yeates, Consultant Clinical Neuropsychologist & Couples Therapist, Rippling Minds

11:50 – 12:20 Parenting after brain injury: challenges & (missed) opportunities?

Becoming a parent is one of the most valued societal roles, yet people with brain injuries often face huge challenges navigating this aspect of life. The presenter will discuss the issues that brain injured people face when they want to become parents, the types of intervention they require and how rehabilitation teams, case managers and legal teams can work together to support them.

Speaker TBC

12:20 – 12:45 Lessons learned from 25 years of litigation: Reflections from the courtroom
William Latimer-Sayer KC, Cloisters

12:45 – 13:45 Lunch, networking & exhibition stands 13:45 - 13:50 Welcome back from the Chair
Chris Melton KC, Byrom Street Chambers


13:50 – 14:35 “To Travel is to Live"
The presentation will focus on a case study of a complex spinal cord injured patient with category 4 pressure ulceration. Prior to his injury, he travelled regularly across Europe to his second home in Portugal where he is from and where he still has lots of family. The session will focus on how this aspect of his life was of the utmost importance to him and how he could and should be enabled to continue to pursue this aspect of his life despite his life-changing injuries and a chronic category 4 pressure ulcer.

Cathie Bree-Aslan, Independent Tissue Viability Nurse & Expert Witness, Director & Head of Clinical Services at Wound Consultancy Ltd and Nurse Expert Witness Ltd

14:35 – 15:15 The Litmus Test

Travelling promotes independence, how do we as case managers support our clients on holidays and predict the unpredictability?

Nicola Cale, Practitioner Case Manager, CCMS

15:15 – 15:45 Tea/coffee, networking & exhibition stands 15:45 – 16:30 Borderline Personality Disorder and brain injury: the hidden challenge

A not so hidden disorder and the impact on clients with brain injury. There is a growing realisation and increasing data to show a correlation between marked emotional reactivity, severe difficulties maintaining interpersonal relationships and substantial costs to the individual, their family, and society.

Dr Alan Gray, Consultant Clinical Psychologist, Headwise

16:30 – 17:05 Counting the cost: Litigation and deputyship

Tracy will expand on the key areas and themes of the day, and tie this in with the challenges the Deputy faces when meeting clients’ needs over a lifetime, especially those who are more than 10-, 20- or 30-years post injury. Tracy will detail what the Deputy needs of the case manager, MDT and provide an overview on how we make this work now with reducing funds, or a very tight budget, and what we could be thinking about much earlier on within the litigation stage of intervention to meet much longer term needs of our clients.

Tracy Norris Evans, Partner, RWK Goodman

17:05 – 17:15 Conference close

This session will bring together the themes from the day and look to what is next? We will explore what funding is available in order to action the ideas discussed today. This session is also an opportunity for reflection based on evidence.

Maggie Sargent, Founder of CCMS & Catastrophic Injury Case Manager

BOOK NOW

CTE risk increases with length of rugby career

The risk of brain disease chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) increases with the length of career for Rugby Union players, a landmark international study has concluded.

In a world-first collaboration, research teams found new evidence linking playing rugby – either at amateur or elite level – with the neurodegenerative disease.

Led by Professor Willie Stewart at the University of Glasgow, the work follows findings from his group last year which reported neurodegenerative disease risk among former Scottish international rugby union players approximately two and a half times higher than expected.

Research now links CTE with head impacts and the strength and frequency with which they are sustained. There have been increasing reports of CTE in the pathology of athletes who have played football, American football, boxing and rugby.

This latest study looked at the results of detailed postmortem brain examinations of 31 former amateur and elite rugby union players whose brains were donated for research purposes to one of three leading centres in the UK, United States, and Australia.

CTE was found in around two thirds (68 per cent) of the brains examined, and in both amateur and elite players.

Importantly, risk of CTE pathology was associated with length of a player’s rugby career, with each additional year of play adding 14 per cent to risk of CTE. Player position or level of participation, either amateur or elite, did not appear to influence risk of CTE.

The current study, which is the first research collaboration between leading laboratories at the University of Glasgow, Boston University and the University of Sydney, continues Glasgow’s groundbreaking research into brain health outcomes associated with traumatic brain injury and contact sports.

Among sports, Rugby Union is known to have a high risk of mild traumatic brain injury, or concussion, with injury rates highest in the professional game. To date, the only recognised risk factor for CTE is traumatic brain injury and repeated head impact exposure.

Professor Stewart, consultant neuropathologist and Honorary Professor at the University of Glasgow, lead author of the study, said: “In this study, we have combined the experience and expertise of three leading international brain banks to look at CTE in former rugby players.

“These results provide new evidence regarding the association between rugby union participation and CTE. Specifically, our data show risk is linked to length of rugby career, with every extra year of play increasing risk.

“Based on this it is imperative that the sport’s regulators reduce exposure to repeated head impacts in match play and in training to reduce risk of this otherwise preventable contact sport-related neurodegenerative disease.”

In this latest study, the average rugby career length was around 18 years, with an equal number of forward and backs.

Twenty-three (74 per cent) played rugby exclusively as amateurs, with eight (26 per cent) reaching elite level, either as professional or representative internationalists.

Dr Ann McKee, director of the BU CTE Center and UNITE brain bank, and co-author of the study, said: “CTE is a preventable disease; there is an urgent need to reduce not only the number of head impacts, but the strength of those impacts, in rugby as well as the other contact sports, in order to protect and prevent CTE in these players.”

The director of the Australian Sports Brain Bank, Associate Professor Michael Buckland, points to the conclusions drawn by the Australian Senate Inquiry into Concussions and repeated head trauma in contact sports.

He said: “The findings of the recent federal government inquiry are unambiguous: there is clear evidence of a causal link between repeated head trauma and concussions and subsequent neurodegenerative disease such as CTE.

“Sports regulators need to develop and implement CTE risk minimisation protocols as a matter of urgency.”

Brain autopsies for the study were accessed from three international sites: the Understanding Neurologic Injury and Traumatic Encephalopathy Brain Bank (UNITE), Boston University School of Medicine, the Glasgow TBI Archive (GTBI), University of Glasgow and the Australian Sports Brain Bank (ASBB), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Australia.


‘Level inequality in dementia diagnosis rates’

Over half of local authorities in England are falling short of the national dementia diagnosis target, leaving hundreds of thousands of people without a vital diagnosis, a new inquiry has revealed. 

The findings from the All-Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) on Dementia revealed where you live has a ‘massive impact’ on whether you will get a timely, accurate and high-quality dementia diagnosis.

The group of cross-party MPs, alongside dementia charity Alzheimer’s Society, is calling for a levelling up of diagnosis rates – as well as an urgent improvement in the speed and accuracy of dementia diagnosis, particularly in rural and ethnically-diverse areas.

For example, in Swindon, one of the lowest performing areas with a rate of 49.7 per cent, 766 people are missing out on a diagnosis.

Although dementia is the UK’s biggest killer, over 250,000 people with dementia in England are estimated to be living without a diagnosis, leaving them unable to unlock vital treatments, care and support.

While there is currently no cure, there are treatments available, and new drugs coming down the line which could delay progression of the condition.

However, future drugs will require people to get a diagnosis of the disease causing dementia, but latest data shows that Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia are still under-diagnosed compared to known prevalence rates.

This month’s NHS figures show over a 40-percentage point difference in diagnosis rates between the highest and lowest areas in England.

The inquiry, led by Labour MP Debbie Abrahams and Conservative Peer Baroness Angela Browning, reveals a complex picture of why there is such a disparity, and calls for better data to understand how factors including the availability of brain scanners, transport access, deprivation, rurality and ethnicity are playing a part.

The report, which includes findings from a survey of over 2,100 people affected by dementia in England, suggests transport is a major barrier to diagnosis.

One in four people reported being unable to make appointments because of travel problems, with 78 per cent relying on other people for transport. To combat this, the report proposes that every Integrated Care System (ICS) in England increases service provision to ensure that people can get a diagnosis closer to home.

Ethnicity was also shown to impact the chance of someone getting a timely dementia diagnosis, with people struggling to access diagnostic assessments in their own language, and with cultural references relevant to them, alongside stigma in communities stopping people coming forward with symptoms.

Dr Karan Jutlla, Alzheimer’s Society ambassador and dementia lead for the University of Wolverhampton, who gave evidence at the inquiry, said: “When we’re trying to understand the challenges ethnic communities face getting a dementia diagnosis, we need to look behind the headline figures.

“Wolverhampton has a relatively high dementia diagnosis rate, but this is disguising challenges of the 35.5 per cent of the population who are from ethnic communities.

“From my work I know very, very, very few people from these communities are presenting themselves to services. To be able to quantify this we need to start recording the ethnicity of people who do come forward.”

Encouragingly, the inquiry found that ICSs with the right healthcare systems in place can overcome factors like deprivation and rurality.

For instance, in rural Somerset, which has traditionally had low dementia diagnosis rates, there has been a 30 per cent increase in referrals per month since a new service was adopted last year, doubling the number of Dementia Support Workers in the county.

Also encouragingly the local health service in Swindon has recently committed to increasing rates through improving capacity in memory assessment services, including building ‘Rapid Assessment Diagnosis’ clinics.

APPG on Dementia co-chair Debbie Abrahams MP, who led the inquiry alongside Conservative Peer Baroness Browning, said: “All of the evidence shows that timely diagnosis is crucial for people with dementia, particularly in increasing access to drugs like donanemab, a new potential treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease.

“But this report shows that at the moment diagnosis rates are simply a postcode lottery.

“It could not be more clear now that we need Integrated Care Boards to introduce strategic local plans to increase access to diagnostic services. Likewise, the Government must significantly increase scanning capacity and workforce.”

Fiona Carragher, director of research and influencing at Alzheimer’s Society, said: “Dementia is a devastating disease, and delays in diagnosis can lead to crisis. We know one in four people with dementia battle symptoms for over two years before seeking a diagnosis, and a third of these people have an accident before looking for help.

“This inquiry lays bare the stark inequalities that still exist in getting a diagnosis – it’s unacceptable that your postcode, your mobility, or your support network can all be factors determining your chance of getting the diagnosis you deserve.

“Today, hundreds of thousands of people are facing dementia alone, unable to access the vital help and support that a diagnosis can bring.

“Breakthrough drugs like lecanemab and donanemab are coming round the corner, and everyone should have equal access if the drugs reach the clinic. This means giving people a timely, accurate and specific diagnosis of which type of dementia they have – so we can get drugs to the people who are able to benefit, and fast.

“Today’s report shows pockets of excellence in diagnosis, and areas bucking the trend through innovation. Improvement is possible, but we need more tailored services across the country, and better local planning by Integrated Care Systems to help bridge the gap and reach underserved communities.

“There’s more to understand in terms of why diagnosis rates vary so dramatically – Alzheimer’s Society is calling on the Government and NHS to gather the data that’s needed to find the root cause of these inequalities across the country.”